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一:機械的夾緊方式;
用平面磨床附件(jian)中的(de)(de)平口鉗從磁(ci)臺吸出薄(bo)片(pian)(pian)工(gong)件(jian),用(yong)小型平口鉗吸出。由于平口鉗有一定(ding)的(de)(de)高度(du),鉗口的(de)(de)磁(ci)力很(hen)小。用(yong)進(jin)給逐漸減少的(de)(de)方法(fa)磨(mo)平一平面(mian)(mian)薄(bo)片(pian)(pian)后取下,此時將(jiang)已磨(mo)好的(de)(de)一平面(mian)(mian)放入(ru)磁(ci)性工(gong)作臺,再將(jiang)另(ling)一平面(mian)(mian)薄(bo)片(pian)(pian)磨(mo)平,反(fan)復磨(mo)數次,兩平面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)平度(du)達到要求(qiu)。
二:真空裝夾方式。
用(yong)(yong)空氣(qi)(qi)壓裝夾(jia)緊薄(bo)片工件進(jin)行研(yan)磨加工。該方法(fa)的(de)工作原(yuan)理(li)是在夾(jia)具的(de)具體部分設置橡(xiang)膠密(mi)(mi)封圈,將(jiang)(jiang)片狀工件放置在橡(xiang)膠密(mi)(mi)封圈上,在工件和(he)夾(jia)具之間(jian)形(xing)(xing)成密(mi)(mi)封室。利用(yong)(yong)真空泵從抽氣(qi)(qi)孔抽出(chu)室內空氣(qi)(qi)時,夾(jia)緊工件。磨削夾(jia)緊力小,可(ke)(ke)采用(yong)(yong)環形(xing)(xing)磨削法(fa)加工。將(jiang)(jiang)薄(bo)片工件的(de)一(yi)端面研(yan)磨后,再將(jiang)(jiang)另一(yi)端面研(yan)磨,利用(yong)(yong)上述方法(fa)可(ke)(ke)對工件進(jin)行研(yan)磨,同樣也(ye)可(ke)(ke)得到滿意的(de)結(jie)果(guo)。
三:采用臨時措施使薄片工件的剛度增強。
使(shi)用環氧樹(shu)脂結合劑(ji),可使(shi)薄片(pian)在自由狀(zhuang)態(tai)下粘附于(yu)平(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)上。板(ban)(ban)(ban)材和薄片(pian)一(yi)起(qi)放(fang)入磁性吸盤。把薄片(pian)一(yi)端(duan)(duan)磨(mo)(mo)平(ping)后,再(zai)(zai)把薄片(pian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件從平(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)上取下來,把磨(mo)(mo)平(ping)的(de)一(yi)邊放(fang)到磁性吸盤上,再(zai)(zai)把另一(yi)端(duan)(duan)的(de)薄片(pian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件磨(mo)(mo)平(ping)。因(yin)為環氧樹(shu)脂在未硬化前是流動的(de),所以(yi)它能填(tian)平(ping)薄片(pian)和板(ban)(ban)(ban)材之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)間(jian)隙(xi)。在硬化環氧樹(shu)脂后,將工(gong)(gong)(gong)件與平(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)結合成一(yi)體,從而(er)大大提高(gao)(gao)了(le)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件的(de)剛度。在磁吸作用下,薄片(pian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件不會發生夾緊變形,從而(er)為磨(mo)(mo)削加工(gong)(gong)(gong)平(ping)面創造了(le)條件。也可以(yi)用厚脂代(dai)替環氧樹(shu)脂填(tian)充薄片(pian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件和磁吸盤之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)間(jian)隙(xi),提高(gao)(gao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件的(de)剛度,同(tong)樣(yang)可以(yi)取得(de)良好的(de)效果。
四:彈性墊片的夾緊方式。
對上述薄片工件在平面磨床上進行(xing)磨削(xue)時(shi),采用(yong)彈(dan)性(xing)夾緊機構,使(shi)其在(zai)自由狀態(tai)下進行(xing)定位夾緊。工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)與(yu)磁性(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作臺之(zhi)間用(yong)0.5mm厚的(de)橡(xiang)膠墊墊,當工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)被(bei)磁力吸引時(shi),橡(xiang)膠會被(bei)擠壓,彈(dan)性(xing)變形減小,從而磨出(chu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)平直平面。多次多次的(de)研磨,可(ke)以滿足加工(gong)(gong)(gong)精度(du)的(de)要(yao)求。